Study skills tips: the best way to use the time to study: Part II

Blood components

Human blood is a thick red liquid. It consists of blood plasma, red cells, white cells and platelets.

* Blood plasma is a liquid constituted by 90 water 100 and 10 100 other substances such as sugars, proteins, fats, minerals, etc.

* Red blood cells or erythrocytes are red cells that are capable of capturing large amounts of oxygen. Each cubic millimeter of blood are four to five million erythrocytes. This enormous wealth causes blood has a deep red color.

* The white blood cells are blood cells much less abundant than erythrocytes. There is a leukocyte per 600 erythrocytes. White blood cells have a defensive function against infections.

* Platelets are cell fragments coreless. There are about 250,000 platelets per cubic millimeter of blood, and its function is blood clotting.

The romances

One of the most abundant of our literature are romances. They are of all ages. From a chronological point of view, the romances are divided into:

1 old Romances. - Are almost all anonymous. Today it is recognized that originate from the epics, the most interesting episodes of the long epic poems were being sung independently of the rest of the Song by minstrels. Monorrimo epic verse breaks and gives rise to the octosyllabic rhyming assonance in pairs.

The old romances appear from XIV century. The themes of these romances are usually historical figures around prestigious national history (the Cid, King Rodrigo, Fernando Gonzalez, etc. Forming cycles are grouped romances. Other romances try Recapture episodes: are border romances. romances are inspired by the exploits of the French knights at the court of Charlemagne (Roland, Charlemagne, etc..) are the Carolingian romances.

There are also fictional and lyrical romances, whose theme is taken from history or traditional epic.

Intestinal digestion

In the duodenum, the chyme receives three juices that will complete the transformation into assimilable substances, these are the pancreatic juice, the intestinal and bile. Each juice is responsible for making some of the many changes needed, so the bile - the daily secrete about one thousand cubic centimeters - acts primarily on fats.

Gradually, the original bolus has been transformed into a slurry, which in the intestine is called chyle, the villi are responsible for absorption of chyle substances have become assimilated.

Unabsorbed substances pass into the large intestine, where they remain between 10 and 20 hours, during which time the so-called microbial flora acts; forming bacteria such plants finish the work transformative. Finalized, it only remains to perform defecation - expulsion of feces from the anus.

As you saw in the previous underlined, simply type have presented examples that surely can complete more and better but it may be valid to start work underlined. Perhaps the first text is the one that is incomplete, but it is valid to complete it and get, in turn, margin notes. You also need to underscore the theme you give, initially, some freedom, understanding the different types of underlining that can do according to your own method of study and memorize your way. Things easier not only for my model, create your own.

The summary:

It is one of the most important and key activities within the study. The can be done after the fact to be underlined and subsequently studied the topic, lesson or text. You have to try it without looking back at what you've read, and if you do as little as possible. This summary should be brief but complete with the fundamental ideas and using your own vocabulary and way of structuring sentences. Drafted in person. You have to use particles liaison between different paragraphs to produce logical reason between them. Clearly a good summary relies heavily on the understanding of the text and the times I've read (are recommended three, fast, one slow with underscore and slower with memorization and analysis).

The summary is used to summarize the contents of a text which must then comment or study. Facilitates better lesson study and its compression and in turn facilitates concentration while studying. With a good set of summaries of the various lessons can make a very positive final review what you studied.

To master this technique you will have to exercise the following type:

- Analysis and commentary written texts.

- Summaries of these.

- Readings arrested.

- Summaries of texts from the underline.

It is convenient to summarize subsequently read it completes several times and if necessary, reading ahead. In principle, all texts are valid to practice this technique.

The diagrams and summary tables

The scheme is a technique that really have very much forgotten but it gives much play. It is a simple as it depends directly on how you made emphasis and reading.

A scheme should present the main ideas of the text, clearly outstanding. It presents a simple and logical text structure. Must have a clean and clear presentation. The diagram highlights the main points of the text and subsections consider interesting. Signs are used to highlight ideas, underline, etc..

Attention and concentration

Rules for use of the time

Attention and concentration are essential to get the hours of study and the explanations given by the teacher in class. For many of you this is a real problem. The need to be vigilant and to concentrate on the study is basic. But there are many elements that affect attention: - The motivation and interest that we study. - Concerns: family problems, peer problems, problems with friends, or love, money problems, etc.. Concerns cause much anxiety and deconcentrated mind when studying or attending.

The place is studied and the conditions thereof

Fatigue: can not study when you are tired or sleepy.

But we can do something for these factors influence us as little as possible. Try to motivate. Think that what you do is for you, but rest assured we will fail. Why study? What do I get? What can bring me to study my training as a person? All rely on these questions and thereafter acts. Think you, your future, your ideas, your dreams, do not be misled by adverse situations around you, nor for the comments, nor the idea of unemployment, struggle, strive, go ahead. You should also try to solve the problems or concerns. Face the problems. Looking for a solution. There is always a solution. 

Looking for advice, get help in teachers, friends, psychologists. Do not let collapse. You should also take care of the environment where you study. Take care of your physical condition and your Descans. Do not be a sleeper. Respect your sleep. Do some sport. The focus, therefore, is not just something related to willpower. We must also take into account all the above. To eliminate boredom studied in an active and dynamic, with pen and paper. Take notes, highlights, look in the dictionary the words you do not understand. 

When you are taking notes in class, the teacher looks, ask when you do not understand something. Follow the explanations of the class is one of the moments that we get more performance party. Be positive with both the teacher and with matter. No you sink through adversity that you find. All this will ensure further learning of that content. You bet! As a final thought just remind you that in class taking notes.

Note taking

Before you start ... Look at the notes I've taken so far and Rate it using the following criteria: (1-deficient 6-very good)

1.-contain the main ideas of the explanation

2. - It looks the logical order of ideas

3. - Cleaning

4. - Clarity in the letter, underlining, etc..

5. - Order

6. - Brevity

If the average is three or less than three you need to read the following. How do you take notes? Taking notes is harder than it looks. Therefore requires specific training and practice. Concentration is essential. A good idea for easy note taking is that we know that is the issue we are going to expose. So, if possible, it would be appropriate to take a look at the issue the day before to know where things will go. 

Furthermore, your attitude towards the teacher and the subject should be positive. Do not be prejudice and not be misled by moods, not for the likes or dislikes. Concentrate on what you do. Control your attention. No ramblings. It is essential that you are attentive to the teacher, look at him, looking for the key ideas of explanation and focus your attention on: - Catch the logic which exposes the teacher. - Compare what you say with what you already know. - Find the utility for you than it explains. Summarize what the teacher is saying. You can use paper filing. Always the same, with the same format. Save notes in folders by subject and by day. Start putting notes on top of the sheet and the date the course or subject. 

This will facilitate their classification and order. The notes you take them so that they are easy to read. Do not write everything the teacher says. Do not copy everything. Only important ideas. Copy dates, names, references, etc.. Leave room on the right and left for notes or clarifications. Use emphasis and capitalization to highlight the most important thing. Be brief. Abbreviate the words as you can. Use acronyms, abbreviations (understandable later) or any sign that you believe and that means something to you. An example might be:

Like .......... = | century .......... S | more than .......... + | less than .......... - | man .......... H | woman ........ M | more .......> | less .............. < | that ...................... q | by ................. x | adverbs ending in mind a symbol adds the adjective: quick, easy, normal

You yourself can create your own rules or symbols. Practice a bit and see how the results improve. One idea is also important to pass not to clean your notes. You lose time. Strive to take them with sufficient clarity so that you are worth for further study.

Memory and mnemonics.

One of the topics that interest you in study skills, and for which more questions, is memory. Clearly throughout the study process memory is one of the key elements. But the important thing is to understand the memory correctly. Therefore on this page will discuss this topic and you are worried that both give tips and tricks to improve it. There is also a special section for mnemonics (memory tricks that facilitate).

"The memory works great as a filing cabinet. Locate information in the appropriate place involves streamlining the selection process"

We'll start by saying that memory and rote process consists of what might be called three phases:

• Register.
• Hold.
• Remembrance

Our memory is like a big filing cabinet or in which it is clear that we will find things better if we ordered in a logical way. It is also shown that more and remember better what we understand (why is not convenient "plated" without knowing what "chapamos")

Register: At this stage we acquire the contact with elements that memorized later. It would be the first reading. To be clearer we read we use these concepts underlining, schemes

How to prepare and make a test

To properly prepare for an exam you need to know in advance and clearly the content you have to study.

This task of study can facilitate declaring yourself what really matters and what does not, the professor. It is important to know what kind of test we are going to do: test, practical, theoretical, of own production of responses, concrete and short answers, etc.

From there you can go and getting an idea ?how you're going to have to study: with great storage, connection of ideas, with all data even less important, etc.

From there it's just the implementation of all the techniques seen so far:

- A first quick reading what you have to study.

- Second reading slow, analytical, with underlining and margin notes.

- Preparation of a summary.

- Preparation of an outline or overview.

- Review with general reading above, underlined reading, reading the summary and final review of the scheme to ideas.

If you really get to follow this order in all its phases, the results are really good and the notes, undoubtedly improve.

How to test

- Be clear about the time you get to the exam, know it forever.

- Ask a general first reading all the questions.

- Read each question carefully and be clear what you're asking.

- Begin answering those that know not extend yourself too, with the information that you have been sued clearly. After complete them if you have time.

- After passing the questions you think you do not know, no master or unknown.

- Review the answers you have given before delivery.

Study skills tips: the best way to use the time to study: Part I

Study skills tips: the best way to use the time to study: Part I

Study skills: how best to use the time to study

Study techniques are becoming one of the most important concepts in the student world. After seeing all school failure being harvested in schools, students will have the option to improve your performance with rules, tips, techniques and recipes can improve study results clearly. Study skills are a set of tools, essentially logical, that help improve performance and make the process of memorization and study.

First of all it is essential mentalization of "having to study." If we assume that we want to study the rest not spare. But it is clear that given the social situation thorough preparation for our future work is key. The organization at the time of starting a school year is critical. Based on our schedule attendance at the centers, we organize the rest of the time to take up the preparation of the content that we are seeing every day. 

The daily study, sorry to say, is almost mandatory. It is to be in front of the books two or three hours every day. Is to see our own needs, analyze fields or topics that we have more problems, what are the immediate priorities (exams and papers, presentations, etc.), And from there drawn up one schedule of "work" day. Yes, I do mean, "work" because the study need to be aware that, until the social work period, is our real work and what we do, or at least try, as inherent to ourselves that we will provide, Surely our later working life. We study for us, for our future (stick it in the head), not for our parents.

In the options you presented in both left and right menus I present techniques or ways to improve those concepts that have major problems. Anyway, each person is different and if you want help with something specific do not hesitate and ask me for writing me.

I hope these ideas will count for something.

Get organized before you start

The organization is one of the key elements when studying or start time to start preparing for an exam, an opposition, a test, etc.. Therefore we must first stop to think about the material we need, we have time to do things, and something that is fundamental to establish a study schedule or work for every day of the year that we may change in special cases of take an exam or having to prepare a job. It is essential that you consider that organization everything you do throughout the day, and a realistic schedule and apparel you can fulfill. 

Make time for rest and recreation and do not forget to account for periods of transport, lunch and dinner out with friends, etc.. That schedule should be like your daily work schedule. Prepare on Sunday night for the rest of the week and if necessary Varolo along day. Note that you should study every day, or at least look at the topics of the next day. Turn your time on something that you routinely meet and watch over time you will find that you have more time for everything, but well organized. 

After this discussion, if you want, fill out this form with the information and I ask that you consider another interesting to help you organize your work-study pace. This information is valid for organize your studies, your work rate and that things would have to concentrate more. It is a confidential information and as such try.

Improved reading speed

To increase the speed we have reader from the basics of what is read. By reading our eyes are moving base jumping or fasteners that are grouped in one or several words. Therefore, to increase the speed at which we claim is to the least possible number of fasteners in each line in one clamping and cover as many words as possible. We can see this best in an example:

• "On the beaches / of all worlds / children congregate /
• impatient heaves. / On the beaches of all worlds /
• children gather, / screaming and dancing "

(The spaces between bars are the group of words that are perceived in a single glance, fixing a normal reader)

Try everything you can practice with texts that appeal to you, but I have to admit that poetry can help to improve the speed, because the phrases and lines are shorter.

Examples of texts to work fixations in reading

• "Asylum is / two miles / village.
• I made the road / walk. / I wanted to see mom / soon.
• But the doorman / I said / was necessary
• see before / director. / As was busy,
• I waited a bit. / Meanwhile / goalkeeper
• I was talking about, / and then / I saw the director.
• I received / in his office. / I looked. / After
• shook my hand / and held so long
• I did not know / and remove it. "

We can also increase the reading speed as follows:

• Choose three consecutive pages of a book to motivate you and are more or less covered the same text.
• The first sheet you have to read the speed you normally do, but trying to understand what you read.
• The second sheet, then read it as fast as possible, without worrying to understand what you read or if you skip words and no turning back.
• Finally, the third sheet read it as fast as you can, but this time making sure you understand what you read and follow the guidelines of which we spoke before the fixtures and try not to go back (one of the biggest problems slow readers).
• After reading the third sheet joining the time you took the latter. This exercise must perform five days a week for 3 weeks and then rest one. If you see speed increases not repeat this type of exercise or try the following technique.
• Place a card under the line that read, trying to gradually increase the speed of reading and reading each line with only three or four fixations, depending on their length.

Improving reading comprehension

We can now move on to discuss a method rather than a technique for improving reading comprehension. The method EPL2R responds to a more thorough and detailed reading that you can use as a study method.

Each group letter EPL2R answered the initial five steps proposed in reading any text:

- Exploration: is knowing that you will get the text before working on it. Make a first quick reading to get a small idea that is.

- Questions: At this stage we ask a series of questions about the text fundamental that we believe we need to know how to respond after reading. We can transform into questions headings and titles.

- Reading: this is the phase of reading itself, which must be to the rhythm of each, making a general reading and searching for the meaning of what is read. If necessary, look in the dictionary the words you do not know. In a study session here introduce underlining, margin notes, etc..

- Replies: once the previous analytical reading, going to answer the questions you raised above and if necessary any questions become more specific, concrete or spot on the text and its content.

- Review: skimming is to revise the text, or topic, read. They are the points that were not clear and complete answers. Here, in a study session, and summaries introduce schemes.

"A good work plan should be personal, realistic, flexible and time for study and time for rest"

Where to study and how to study

- In one room you have available for it, if you can be of exclusive use, odor-free, well-aerated and ventilated, or very hot or cold, no noise nuisance or other distractions (TV, game room of siblings, radio, etc..).

- Have a large work table, which can take up all the material you'll need, without other distracting objects such as magazines, games, mobile ornaments, etc..

- The light is preferably natural and if not that is white or blue and emitted from the side opposite the hand you write (a southpaw light must come from the right).

- Both the table and the chair shall be consistent with your height, be comfortable but not too much. The chair must have support and be tough. Excessive comfort will take you to pay less or even stop studying, but the discomfort will be the same.

- You must be very careful posture. With the trunk and stretched his back against the back of the chair. At a distance about 30 cm. the book or notes and whether they may be inclined by a lectern or other object, this makes the eye sight and do not tire as quickly.

- It is very important to be decided at the time to get to school, do not hesitate and try psych that this is the work we have to do and is best done with joy and relaxation that angry and unwilling.

- It is very important that before you begin study do reflect on all that you need and you place or table or hand (dictionaries, reference books, pens, rulers, encyclopedias, etc.).

- It is also very important to know that's what you do every day and have it all planned (but flexible). So it is very convenient to do a daily study schedule but you have to be realistic, taking into account your abilities, practicable and feasible and flexible and prepared for the unexpected, which is reflected not only time but also the time study leisure and rest. Remember that every hour you must rest 10 minutes.

- When do you think that time is the best time to study on your terms, and always starts with the easier subjects before moving on to the more difficult and also easy other end.

- Hours of entertainment are also important, do not forget them.

- Must sleep an average of 8 to 10 hours, then it is essential to perform well.

Emphasis and diagrams

The aim is to highlight the underline key ideas of a text. Later, reading only the underlined can remember the content of the text.

It goes without saying that there are psychological theories of human perception underlying this technique, as it is shown that memory is fixed and more and better remember things that are highlighted.

Therefore, it is necessary that this technique not only meet, but also master it and use it. Its rationale is to highlight another color (bright colors are recommended such as red or green or fluorescent colors, but tire more) those series of words that have meaning and semantic content itself with a subsequent reading of the underlined this makes sense and you understand the text and are reflected in the details relevant. Therefore it is not necessary to emphasize articles, conjunctions (only if linkers) prepositions and whether to emphasize nouns, verbs, adjectives, dates, names, etc..

Obviously it is a difficult technique to master and requires much practice.

To underscore not recommend more than two colors and you can also replace the "line" for boxes or brackets to mark entire paragraphs or phrases that we consider paramount. Stresses if necessary in your books (they are for your service, not for garnish) and in your notes or photocopies. It is recommended that emphasis be performed along the second reading of the text or topic that we have to study. But you can also get some data pointing or ideas in the first quick reading.

You also have to get used to writing notes to the margins, in those moments when you are not clear or complete ideas with other data. These notes are then very beneficial as they facilitate the understanding and extend knowledge.

As noted above, in the second reading, unhurried, comprehensive and analytical, is when we do these operations and it is time to stop and understand graphs, tables, maps or boxes. In many cases provide a wealth of information in a clear reduced and that help us better understand what we are reading and a more direct way. Think we are studying an issue of economics about the various productions of a country. If on that page have a bar graph or sector with the quantities and items that occur immediately know that excels and in which another is lacking.

What follows are different types of activities with respect to underline and analyze tables and graphs.

Study skills tips: the best way to use the time to study: Part II

Learning problems. Identify, treat and help a child who does not learn

Learning problems. Identify, treat and help a child who does not learn

Learning disabilities affect 1 in 10 school-age children. These problems can be detected in children from the 5 years and are a major concern for many parents, as they affect the school performance interpersonal relationships and their children. A child with learning disabilities usually have a normal level of intelligence, Of visual acuity and hearing. 

Is a child who strives to follow the instructions, focus and behave at home and at school. Your challenge is to capture, process and master the tasks and information, and then later develop. The child with this problem simply can not do the same as the others, although their level of intelligence is the same.

Detecting learning problems in children

The child with specific learning disabilities presents unusual patterns, when perceiving things in the external environment. His neurological patterns are different from those of other children of the same age. However, they share some kind of failure in school or in your community.

When a child has trouble processing the information received, he betrays his behavior. Parents should be vigilant and observe the most common signs that indicate the presence of a learning disability:

- Difficulty understanding and track tasks and instructions.

- Trouble remembering what someone just said.

- Difficulty mastering basic skills of reading, Spelling, writing and/or math, and thus fails in school work.

- Difficulty distinguishing between right and left, To identify words, etc. You can present tendency to write letters, words or numbers backward.

- Lack of coordination walking, playing sports or perform simple activities such as holding a pencil or tying a shoelace.

- Easy to lose or lose their school supplies, books and other items.

- Difficulty understanding the concept of time, Mistaking the "yesterday", with "Today" and/or "tomorrow."

- Tendency to irritation or to express excitement easily.

Characteristics of learning problems

Children with learning disabilities often occur, according to the list obtained from When Learning is a Problem/LDA (Learning Disabilities Association of America), Features and/or deficiencies in:

Reading (vision) The child is very close to the book, says words aloud; notes, substituted, omitted and invests the words; sees double jump and read the same line twice, do not read fluently, has little understanding in oral reading; omitted final consonants in oral reading; blinks excessively, you cross when reading; tends to rub eyes and complain that itch, presents problems of visual impairment, poor spelling, among others.

Writing Invest and vary the height of the letters; leaves no space between words and does not write over the lines, grab the pencil awkwardly and has not determined if it is right or left handed, move and place the paper in the wrong way, try to write with finger, has a poorly organized thinking and poor posture.

Auditory and verbal The child shows apathy, cold, Allergy and/or asthma often, mispronounce words, breathe through your mouth complains Ear Problems And you feel dizzy, goes blank when spoken, speaks loud; depends on other visually and closely observes the teacher, can not go more than one instruction at a time, put the TV and radio too loud.

Mathematics The student spends the numbers, have difficulty knowing when, poor comprehension and memory of numbers, math facts does not answer.

Attention and concentration of children

The environment a child is full of information, news and stimuli. Perhaps, therefore, it is difficult for them to maintain a attention and a concentration in school and in their work in a particular way.

The general attention required by any relevant change in his life has sometimes difficulties learning.

Attention: base learning

Through attention, our mind can focus on one stimulus from among all those around us to ignore all others. With the concentration of the skills fundamental knowledge in the process, keep the attention focused on a point of interest, for as long as necessary. Concentration is practically impossible without learn anything, therefore, the concentration is essential for the learning.
Tips to promote focus and concentration

1. Avoid distractions. Dispense with anything that may distract the child, personal problems, family, lack of focus, noise, etc.

2. Diversifying tasks. Change of subject or subject study intervals. The changes help you start the process of care and so the child can stay focused longer.

3. Create routines and study habits. It should start study every day at a set time to get a good cerebral performance. If a person gets used to make the effort to focus every day at the same time, after a few days will you make your mind to focus more easily then.

4. Mark times. It is necessary to set a time for each task or activity and do it exacted on schedule.

5. Organize tasks. Should perform the most difficult tasks when the child is most rested.

6. Focusing the mind. To be fully performance The concentration requires preheating, which may consist of a few minutes (no more than five) to cross out some letters (pick one) of a sheet of paper. You can then move on to the scheduled activity.

7. Set goals and objectives. It is very important that children have clear goals to be achieved. When we want something real and strong, mobilized many of our resources to try to reach it. Therefore, if the child has a clear goal in the study, most of you will to get it.

8. Collate breaks. The care process which usually follows a decay curve over time. Therefore, it is desirable to insert breaks to regain focus.

9. Synthesize and summarize. Mentally summarize what has been heard for an explanation and short phrases pointing details of more interest is a good technique to exercise care.

Difficulties of children in the study: strategies for change

Getting children strive Is focus, learn realize their goals and achieve in school, is not an easy task for them or their parents. For children to succeed in school, need to possess the brainpower to study, they are motivated, they gradually acquire knowledge and know master work and study habits.

Getting good grades is a matter of effort and discipline. Having luck on exams means doing what is good and has worked with some guidelines for organization and basic techniques necessary for the study and will be easier to get good grades. Here are some tips, Aimed at identifying the most frequent difficulties in the study and implement the most appropriate intervention strategies in each case.

Patterns of organization and study skills

1. Difficulty planning
Occurs when the child studies, but does not devote the necessary time. In other cases, attempts to study at the last minute or in the hours passed, therefore is more tired, and you get the impression that you have studied and worked when, in fact, not the case.

Strategy. Planning is based on determining a daily schedule for the study. Spend time every day to study and realization of homework Will help the child to keep up with their studies. For an elementary schooler, half an hour to an hour would be a reasonable time, while one of Secondary should spend about an hour and a half. Children should perform each task on a schedule.

2. Memory difficulties or fixing of the contents. Not the same understanding that only memorize the lesson. The learning process involves understanding what you want to assimilate and then memorize it, and is done through repetition of content. The lack of concentration and proper technique for setting the content (which is achieved by reading, underline, outline and summary) also makes investigation.

Strategy. The intervention is, in these cases, improving attention and concentration, using mnemonics, and reviewing the issue. Parents can ask their children the lesson to check the results.

3. Difficulty with attention and concentration. It occurs when a child has a hard time concentrating and to study. Any stimulus attracts around his attention and waste time. Its performance is poor and takes too long to do their jobs.

Strategy. To help, you need to remove the stimuli that may be capturing their attention while he studies (television, food, brothers around). It is advisable to do the most difficult tasks when you are more rested, and to study at the same time every day to get a good cerebral performance. It is recommended that the study interleaved with moments of rest, for the child to regain concentration.

4. Difficulty in reading. The child does not have enough speed in the reading or understanding of what they read. Have difficulty knowing the meaning of words used quite common, so its vocabulary is rather poor. Also presents difficulties for texts with correct structures and clear, has a tendency to postpone tasks and averse to reading. Furthermore, cases of children with dyslexia will be treated in an appropriate way and special.

Strategy. To intervene in this case, it is best that the child begins to read aloud to acquire a correct intonation, which will help you understand what is being read. After reading, you should ask the child about the most important ideas of the text he has read. It is also advisable to correct a defect of reading and encourage him to seek out unfamiliar words in the dictionary.

5. Lack of basic. It is characterized by difficulties in subjects whose contents have a strong connection between parts and others, as is the case mathematics. The child fails to assimilate the basic structures of the contents of the various areas.

Strategy. To change this situation, it is necessary to address this issue with tutoring. An older brother, parents or a tutor can help the child regain the missing. Thus, we will be enhancing their study skills in all subjects.

6. Test Anxiety. The child may be a good student, but fear to suspend him anguish overwhelms him and eventually lose confidence in himself. Feel nervousness and anxiety in the days before the exams, and creates negative thoughts about their results. As a result, you can make stomach ache, insomnia, Sweaty palms, inappetence and muscular tension, and palpitations. Some develop automatic actions as nail biting, For example.

Strategy. To alleviate this situation is appropriate, first, help the child explaining what happens so you know that everything is hopeless. Then, teach him to develop positive thoughts, focusing on what we need to do here and now, without comparing him with others. It is necessary to teach the child to relax to overcome the situation to avoid attend the review, even if it seems difficult.

Exercises with Baby: Let's crawl! Games stimulation, Language Development: Learning to speak: 10 tips to help your child

Exercises with Baby: Let's crawl! Games stimulation

Before starting to crawl, the baby needs to develop a balanced every muscle in your body. When the child is a few months will tour the house at full speed, moving on knees and palms.

The crawl is an important stage in the evolution of baby. But previously, the small to stretch, roll or sit by himself. We suggest some exercises for the child learn to crawl. That's right: many children do not crawl and nothing happens. Remember it is good to stimulate the baby to crawl, but do not force ever.

The mom scarf

This game is available to everyone. It just takes a handkerchief and a comfortable, safe place to lay down.

• We put the baby down on a blanket. We get on his knees beside her, with a scarf of attractive colors, and closer to your face, rub their hands, tummy, legs ... Meanwhile, we have what we do.
• At first, with less than three months, Their movements are disorganized and clumsy, but will follow the object with his eyes if we place it on his head, something very important for the development of the muscles of the eyes and neck.
• After three months lift up your arms and try to touch the tissue, even without much control. We get as close as possible, and celebrate each time you touch.
• By six months is able to grasp and manipulate. At that age you can even wear it in a little foot, to work the abdominals thoroughly.

The truck

Some children start crawling costs. To enhance their strength and confidence we can play "the truck".

• We put the baby face down and, with his hands resting on the ground, you hold them by the hips. Gradually we hold him down to the feet.
• We keep a while in this position, in a sensible angle, and when we see him safe on his hands started balancearle gently forward and backward.
• We bend your knees and leave you in the ground crawling position. Perhaps keep swinging forwards and backwards.

From drive

This "drive" helps develop spatial awareness, and we both spend big.

• Take a large cardboard box and tie his rope. Put a cushion inside and placed over the baby, who was delighted to be displayed there, so wrapped. Give any circular object and ask him to "drive" while you pull the rope.
• You can go sing a song.
• Changes the speed at which you drag the box around the house.

Flying over the pillow

• We take a pillow or cushion circulating medium and put our son face down on it.
• With one hand under her legs and another under your armpits to help him on his pillow roll forward and backward.
• When you've tired of this game will let go, so it is on the pillow, knees and hands on the floor.
• With the cushion or pillow as a support in the womb, we let him stay in the position for a while crawling. Meanwhile, he caressed her back as we sing or whisper sweet words.
• During the game, the child may be a little startled. To not be scared, you have all the time secure. After several attempts, you will get used and love. We respect your mind: if you do not want to play, not insist.

What do not you take it?

This game serves to develop the abdominal muscles and helps develop attention.

• We put the baby sitting on the rug in front of us.
• In a box we get an object that you find appealing and leave just your fingertips, front. Next we getting attractive objects and place them increasingly alienated from his hand, until they were outside its scope.
• Try to grab all the things that appeal to you. It is possible that, on more than one occasion, both lean forward to stay on all fours. You can also make it swing and everything possible to retrieve an object.

You'll never catch me?

Nothing more to small alboroce the game of "pilla pilla" if one goes ahead is dad or mom. Do not expect to walk, we can do during the crawl.

• First we urge you to fly forward, "do you rascal!", You say as a shoe mark the beginning of the race. "Gotcha!" I announce to reach it.
• So you raise at the hip and we release into the air, before his glee.
• Then we get on all fours in front of him and we urge you to reach us: "You'll never catch me?", Will tell.
• When you get to where we also raise in the air, and celebrated his victory with him.

Language Development: Learning to speak: 10 tips to help your child

Around children begin to say their first words. Mom and Dad can help, with our way of addressing the child to learn to speak it easier. We give ten guidelines that fail to child language development.

How to help your child learn to speak

1. Make room for the initiative. When the child tries to tell us something, does not anticipate: "The table, chair, plate, spoon," asks tirelessly Hector's father when this points to the table and try to say something. When Laura says her mom's apple should not rush to give it. If you leave time, effort and Laura will say "nana" or "mame".
2. Respect the silence, because if we talk non-stop, the child will not have the turn-taking, and we can create you a lot of anxiety. When someone approaches him and asks, "What have you brought the Kings?" we should not respond in place. No reply, respect his silence, and if he says anything, there it is.
3. Adjust language when addressing the child: That does not mean, or anything, you talk as if they found out. But we can choose sentences and simpler words. When talking with others, use the common language, although he is ahead.
4. Make corrections indirect ,namely: if you say "wow" for dog, confirmed: "Yes, it's a dog." We must correct you never directly, Or attempt to repeat things as we say. We offer examples and copy them, but everyone learns their first words at their own pace.
5. Apply the "expansion": when even says phrases of one or two words, always add at least one more. "Dad," says Javi. "How tall is Daddy", confirms mom. "Wow core", then the small states. "Yes, the dog runs fast." We can do more or less emphasis on certain words.
6. Rate all very positive achievements.
7. Create choice questions: "You want to play puzzle or animals?", To help you name things. Clearly, to acquire the structure of the question should be asking questions.
8. Sing with them: lis easier to remember the words linked to a musical rhythm, especially because they have fun. And at this age need only learn what they like or fun. If you have not yet started talking, Children's songs are full of onomatopoeia ("Daddy's car ...") repeat delighted.
9. Adapt the environment, Leave room to play, take it all and give vent to his initiative. The development of the psychomotor will help language acquisition.
10. Tell stories. Essential was not by chance that our son has got his first word, and then more and more ... If you have talked about is that we have spoken with him before. When the child tries to communicate and no response, reduces your desire to communicate with the world, will difficulty learning to talk. What drives him to acquire language is the desire to talk to us. So, in just one year, that little crybaby will be able to talk, a skill that our species acquire cost hundreds of millions of years.

Baby Development and stimulation from 6 to 12 months, Children Development and stimulation from 12 to 18 months. Forward!

Baby Development and stimulation from 6 to 12 months
 

Between 6 and 12 months, the baby goes to sit by himself to take his first steps, to issue individual letters to say their first words ... So you can move forward in their development, needs to receive information through the senses. You have to provide audio and visual stimuli and especially tactile sensations through play.

The phase of the 6 to 12 months life in baby is age of the great discoveries The baby becomes a small explorer insatiable curiosity and need stimuli encourage him to move, pick up objects, discover the cause and effect relationship, communicate with others ...

From 6 to 7 months, The baby realizes that touching things with your hands can get information from them without having to continually take them in their mouths, but continue to investigate sucking all its features for a while.

From 8 months The baby grabs increasingly small objects between his thumb and forefinger with a pincer movement that will perform it. All that we can provide incentives to develop fine motor skills will be crucial at this stage.

From 9 to 12 months The baby shows great interest in the things that we know mom and dad do with his hands. We observe and attempt to imitate.

What games and incentives encourage baby's development from 6 to 12 months?

The first stimulus: the love of Mom and Dad

Babies discover the world through interaction with the people around them, and especially with his mother and father. Play with mom and dad, laughing with them, hear their explanations about what is around you while you point out, kisses, caresses, the songs you sing ... All expressions of affection and attention of parents are the best broth cultivation for an intelligence and a curious baby awake and stimulated.

Sounds: Music, maestro!

The music is a stimulus for learning baby: its bass and treble stimulate neural connections, reorganize the baby's brain and support their findings.

Furthermore, it was found that the harmonic sounds, with predominantly high tones, predispose the baby to the learning.

According to Elisabeth Fodor, The peak of musical sensitivity is around 8 months, why music games are especially important at this stage.

First words: language, a toy

In the second half of life, the language experienced a spectacular development. Around seven months, children begin to say their first syllable "ma", "gue", "ta" ... Over the first ten months disyllabic say "ma-ma", "da-da" and "I- you "and imitate know when I waved. A month later their first starts sounding short words and know the meaning of others as "dame", "take this" and "no".

Talk to your son slowly, vocalizing well and so expressive, looking fondly at his face. The inflections of your voice and facial expression will convey information about the world and about your feelings towards him. And remember the words used as they are, do not imitate her "slurred speech" is very funny though, if you talk like slow their learning.

Toys & visually striking: a stimulus to explore the world

After 6 months the baby is able to turn to turn around, after 7 months, can sit up without support. At 8 months loves playing lying on the ground, and the nine months many children are released to crawl. These are the steps that will allow large, between 12 and 16 months, learn to ride unassisted.

The best thing parents can do to encourage these achievements is to offer incentives that motivate our baby to get moving: Play calling him to try to approach us, playing "cop-cop" if it crawls, place your favorite toy or object that will call attention to some distance to try to catch them and remove them increasingly ...

The toys and brightly colored objects and striking sounds are perfect at this stage, especially if allowed to interact baby: Mom showy handkerchief that changes shape when your child no wrinkle, a box with something inside that sounds when you shake it, teddies ...

Kinesthetic

Through Management sensations touch, The baby's brain is capable of projecting full images. Even young infants can recognize when they see an object that have examined his hands and tongue.

At six months, the baby can take a bottle and change objects from one hand to another. At seven months using hands much more freely and touch and manipulate everything within reach. Chupa things and loves to throw them to the ground to find them later. Start a tired time for their parents! With 10 months loves to hear the sounds that can do banging objects, tearing magazines, touching the buttons of his toys ...

These experiences will help discover the causal relationship and increase their autonomy and curiosity. Feeling that is able to come and go or uncover objects to cover them, that music can sound when shaken or squeezed a toy, her favorite doll will "respond" if he holds his little hand ... The baby needs to learn from their own experiences , is where he gets the information.

Children Development and stimulation from 12 to 18 months. Forward! 

By their first birthday, babies begin to become children. The great achievement of this semester is learning to walk. At 18 months, your child will be able to run, climb stairs and even walking backward. In addition, it will say a few words to express over 50, will stage "no", his first tantrum ... Have a scout home willing to take on the world!

After their first birthday, most children are very active. Every time they have more control over your body. This semester is key development of the gross motor and language: stimulate to be launched to walk and talk a lot with your child, without using "baby talk."

The baby of 12 months. First Steps

Around the year, many babies are beginning to bear first steps by themselves. Others still take weeks or months to start walking. If your child is in the quiet, do not worry, it's perfectly normal.

Imitate what others do, especially mom and dad, and begins the stage in which the baby Sports pushing large objects and throwing and throwing things on the floor. Be patient, because you need to experience the cause and effect relationship and spend some time collecting soil buckets and toys.

The 13 months. Moves with support

Continued learning to let go for a walk. Many children are able to move from one place to another in little steps, looking for support on furniture. Your son can bend down and pick up an object from the floor and like to approach what arouses your curiosity is discovering their independence. Increasingly dominates their hands better. You can hold your spoon Eat -but not as a gentleman- And put items in a box. He says some single words And understand much of what you say. Every time you communicate better.

A child of 14 months. I follow you, Mom!

At 14 months, many children can get up and bending solos. Mom love to follow you everywhere to see what it does and help with the housework. At this age have greatly improved coordination: Know empty a cube filled with sand or water, can drink from a cup without pulling its content ... He loves to experiment with textures and objects of different sizes, and feels safer with her teddy bear or blanket, which become his lovey.

Remember: it's time to care for security your house at ground level. Protects the plugs, remove fragile or dangerous objects of reach of your child and try to leave as much space as possible to move around and browse.

A child of 15 months. Welcome, sir "no"

Suddenly "No" becomes their favorite word. It is a way of affirming their identity, now it's becoming more autonomous. He has spoken about six words, but understands many more. Most children at this age and walking. They begin to climb steps, supporting both feet on each, but take longer to power up and down stairs. As for their manual skills, and can clapping, stacking building blocks basic start blink boxes, Manage their covered much better ... having great time playing with mom and dad. They love all toys they can push and pull Like dolls carts, trawls and walkers.

Already obey simple instructions as "give the wrist" and understand simple phrases like "Where's the bear?". We can call attention to the other children, but still not usually play with them.

A child of 16 months: First tantrums

At 16 months it is possible that your child enjoys play to hide his face in his hands, stacking blocks (and throw) and games with body parts such as "Where are your ears?". They start early Tantrums: Still not control their emotions and there are many everyday actions that dominates and frustrating. Continues to develop its gross motor and exploring the cause-effect relationship. Toys that make noise or music or that move when he manipulates, With increasing skill, will draw little attention.

A child of 17 months. He likes to imitate

At 17 months, children have mastered words, some even can start building simple sentences. They enjoy games that require imagination, like feeding your wrist or make little meals. Remains wedded to "no", even more strongly than in previous months. Counter impulsivity speaking in a soft tone, asking things "please" and thanking him. Remember watching learning.

A child of 18 months. Increasingly attentive

Can jump, run, climb stairs themselves clutching the railing and sit unaided in a chair short. They play all the buttons and switches within its scope. They are capable of throwing large objects without falling down, like a ball. You know paint scribbles, make towers three or four cubes and remove any clothing Like socks.

They comprise two orders in the same sentence as "opens the box and pulls out a toy," and can say about 50 words. They love the music: Can carry a tune they like and enjoy dancing. Every time maintain attention longer in the same activity.

Showing increasing interest in other children, but still find it difficult to interact with them.

The most suitable toys for children 12 to 18 months

What toys your child needs to reach all the developmental milestones of this phase and continue learning? I like to play with cubes and blocks; Car, And all kinds of lorries wheeled toys; Games kitchenTo imitate mom and dad; dolls; stories with pictures and sounds different, Snap and ensartables…

The toys that move if the child manipulates (With buttons that make sounds or lights are lit, with pieces that go up and down, with music ... usually their favorites at this stage.

And, of course, especially enjoy pull toys and heavy to push toysThat give something to hold to move around the house. With the Walkers You can play "pilla-pilla"At hiding in the house (You will "hide", he seeks you, and when you find exaggerate the surprise and laugh) ...

Early Stimulation ,The development of the Baby skills month by month

What is early stimulation in healthy children?

Today, we know that our baby is born with great potential and is in the hands of their parents take advantage of this opportunity in the process of maturation of the baby, for this potential to develop to the maximum of the most appropriate and fun . Early stimulation is the set of media, techniques, and science-based activities and applied systematically and sequentially. It is used in children from birth to age 6, with the aim of optimizing their cognitive, physical, emotional and social, to avoid undesired states in development and help parents effectively and autonomy in the care and development the infant.

Early stimulation in healthy children from any point of view is a therapy nor a formal teaching method.

Children from birth receive external stimuli to interact with others and their environment. When we stimulate our babies we are presenting different opportunities to explore, develop skills and abilities in a natural way and understand what is happening around them.

How does early stimulation in healthy children?

Each stage of development need different stimuli that relate directly to what is happening in the individual development of each child. It is very important that this individual development without making comparisons or pressure the child. The goal of the stimulation is not accelerating development, forcing the child to achieve goals that are not prepared to meet, but to recognize and encourage the potential of each individual child and present challenges and appropriate activities to strengthen their self-esteem, initiative and learning.

Medical research has come a long way and today we know much more about child brain development and the importance of early life. We are absolutely certain that stimulation a child receives during its early years is the foundation upon which you will later development. How not to take advantage of these moments?

Important factors to stimulate properly

Early stimulation is one way to enhance motor development, cognitive, social and emotional development of our children, but also must respect the individual development and predisposition baby. Initially the activities focus on strengthening the emotional bond, massage and sensory stimuli, respecting the natural development of the baby, and the natural instinct of their parents. Then start gross motor activities, fine motor skills, concentration and language. It is very important to take care and protect the initiative, independence and self-esteem of the child throughout the learning process. At the same time it is worth taking into account important factors in achieving adequate leverage stimuli to which our children may be exposed.

• Every child is different

All children are not equal, each has its own pace of development. Your individual development depends on the maturation of the nervous system.

• Parameters of child development

It is important to understand the parameters of development but it is more important to understand that these are quite large and that its development depends on several factors. Recognizing the pattern of overall development, we can use it as a guide to introduce the baby stimuli and appropriate activities.

• Do not force the child

Stimulation should be a positive experience. Do not force the child to do any activity. We must learn to "read" what our children feel at that moment.

• Play with child

The only way a child learns during this first stage is if you are predisposed to learn and absorb new information, ie playing. The game is the best way to stimulate a child. It is also important that the child is well fed that has made his nap and feel comfortable. Parents are learning to read your baby's behavior and respect their needs.

How to develop the skills of the baby?

From the moment your baby is born starts a developmental stage that converts to a defenseless little person in an independent being that goes where you want to go and express what you want or what you feel. This change does not happen suddenly, but is a process of maturation and skills that will be gaining every month.

Here are what you can expect your baby to month to month according to the different groups of skills:

Basic Skills

Those that most babies have (95%).

Advanced Skills

It occurs in half the infants (50%).

Superior ability

Only some develop them in early (10%).

It is not necessary that your baby is with all these development patterns since not all babies are equal in their growth. Some babies need more time than others to achieve new skills and this does not mean that there may be a delay in development or that their IQ is less.

What about premature babies?

If a baby is born prematurely, their development must be measured according to their age and not adjusted according to chronological age. The first takes into account the time that the baby should have been born, namely the due date and the second is counted from the day the baby was born. To follow the development pediatricians take as reference the set age, because otherwise there would always be a delay.

The newborn baby

Basic Skills

Move your limbs uncontrollably while awake, squeezes his hand, emits screams and cries to communicate what they want or feel (hunger, pain, sleep, etc ...).

Advanced Skills

Raise a little head for a few seconds, responds to certain sounds, look at the faces.

Superior ability

Keep objects with his eyes, emits some sounds.

The 1 month baby

Basic Skills

Lift head, Responds to sounds, watch the faces.

Advanced Skills

Keep objects with his eyes, makes sounds ("u" and "a"), distinguishes black and white patterns.

Superior ability

He smiles, laughs, keeps head upright at 45 degrees.

The baby of two months

Basic Skills

Vocalized sounds, follows objects with his eyes, keeps head up for short periods.

Advanced Skills

He smiles, laughs, keeps head upright at 45 degrees, their movements are smoothed.

Superior ability

Keeps head firmly holds some weight in your legs, lift your head and shoulders in prone.

The 3-month

Basic Skills

Laugh, maintains head firmly raised at times, recognize your face and your scent.

Advanced Skills

Croons and warbles, recognize your voice, raise your head and shoulders in prone.

Superior ability

Look at the source of loud sounds, folds his hands and hit toys, turns (Grounder).

The 4-month

Basic Skills

Keeps head strongly raised, holds some weight on his legs, gurgles when you talk.

Advanced Skills

You can take a toy, try reaching, turns.

Superior ability

Babbles some sounds (BA-BA, GA-GA), cuts his first tooth, can be ready for your first meal.

The 5 month old

Basic Skills

Distinguishes bright colors, turns, Has fun playing with his hands and feet.

Advanced Skills

He turns to new sounds and recognize his name when called.

Superior ability

Sits without support for a few moments, takes things in their mouths, you can start a stage of anxiety.

The 6 month old

Basic Skills

He turns to sounds and voices, imitate some sounds, making bubbles with his saliva, turns in both directions achieves full control of your head.

Advanced Skills

Reach objects which then leads to the mouth, sits without support, you're ready for your first meal.

Superior ability

You can lunge forward or start crawlMimics combining speech syllables, dragging objects toward him.

The 7-month

Basic Skills

Sits without support, drag objects to him, imitates speech (babble).

Advanced Skills

Combines syllables like words, begins to crawl or to spring forward.

Superior ability

Stands holding onto something, moving his hand saying goodbye, hitting objects together.

The 8-month

Basic Skills

You can say PA-PA-MA or MA to anyone, starts crawl, Pass objects from one hand to another.

Advanced Skills

Stands holding onto something completely crawls, point to objects.

Superior ability

Stands alone, making small objects with their fingers clamp mode, shows what he wants with gestures.

The 9 month

Basic Skills

Combines syllables like words, are holding on to something.

Advanced Skills

Take small objects with their fingers like a claw, walks holding onto something with irregular steps, hitting objects together.

Superior ability

Says mom or dad who is responsible, playing hide and seek.

The 10 month

Basic Skills

Move your hand saying goodbye, making small objects with their fingers like a claw, crawl completely, walks with the help of someone with irregular and uncertain steps.

Advanced Skills

Says mom or dad who is responsible, responds to his name and understand the word NO, demonstrates what he wants with gestures.

Superior ability

Take a glass of liquid, stops for a few seconds, puts other objects within.

The 11-month

Basic Skills

Says mom or dad who is responsible, stands alone for a few seconds, play hide and seek.

Advanced Skills

Imitate what other people do, put objects inside other, understand simple orders.

Superior ability

Take a glass of liquid, says a new word besides mom and dad, crouch when standing.

The 12-month baby

Basic Skills

mimics what other people do, babbles syllables like words, demonstrates what he wants with gestures.

Advanced Skills

Says a new word besides Mom and Dad begins to walk, Understands and responds to simple requests.

Superior ability

Scribbles with crayons first, walking completely, says two words in addition to mom and dad.